An EICR with a C1 or C2 finding is Unsatisfactory — but what does that actually mean, and how quickly must a landlord act? Here is a plain English guide to every condition code.
When an EICR inspection returns findings, they are recorded against a set of condition codes. For landlords unfamiliar with the terminology, these codes can seem opaque. Understanding what each code means — and what action it requires — is essential for meeting your legal obligations and keeping your tenants safe.
C1 — Danger present
A C1 code means the electrician has found a condition in the electrical installation that presents an immediate risk of electric shock or fire. Examples of C1 findings include:
- Exposed live conductors accessible to touch
- A faulty circuit where there is no protective device (fuse or breaker)
- A wiring fault that could cause a fire under normal operating conditions
A C1 finding results in an Unsatisfactory EICR outcome. The electrician may isolate the affected circuit or equipment immediately. Remedial work must be completed urgently — and in practice, before the property can be safely occupied. Do not delay on C1 findings.
C2 — Potentially dangerous
A C2 code means the installation has a fault that is not immediately dangerous but could become so. It does not present an immediate risk to life, but the condition could deteriorate or be triggered by unusual circumstances. Examples of C2 findings include:
- No RCD protection on circuits in high-risk areas (bathrooms, kitchens)
- Old wiring that does not meet current standards and presents a potential risk
- Inadequate earthing arrangements
A C2 finding also results in an Unsatisfactory EICR. Remedial work must be completed within 28 days, or sooner if the report specifies. A completion certificate or updated report confirming the work is required.
C3 — Improvement recommended
A C3 code means the electrician has identified something that does not meet current wiring standards but is not dangerous. C3 findings do not make the EICR Unsatisfactory on their own — a report with only C3 observations returns a Satisfactory outcome. However, landlords should consider addressing C3 findings over time, as they indicate ageing or substandard wiring that may produce C2 findings at the next inspection.
FI — Further investigation required
An FI code means the electrician could not fully assess part of the installation without further work — typically because wiring is concealed, access is restricted or additional testing is needed. An FI finding requires follow-up investigation before the overall EICR outcome can be confirmed. An FI that reveals a C1 or C2 will result in an Unsatisfactory outcome.
What must landlords do after a failed EICR?
If the EICR returns an Unsatisfactory outcome (due to C1, C2 or FI findings that reveal a problem):
- Obtain a written quote for the required remedial work
- Arrange for the work to be completed within 28 days (or the timeframe stated in the report)
- Obtain a completion certificate or updated EICR confirming the remedial work is complete
- Provide a copy to the tenant and retain a copy until the next full inspection
- Provide a copy to the local authority if requested
Frequently asked questions
Does a C3 code fail an EICR?
No — C3 findings alone result in a Satisfactory EICR outcome. However, they indicate items that should be monitored and addressed to prevent future C2 findings.
How long does a landlord have to fix C1 findings?
C1 findings require immediate action. In practice, the electrician may isolate the affected circuit before leaving. The condition is dangerous and should not be left in place.
What is an RCD?
A Residual Current Device (RCD) is a safety switch that detects current leakage and disconnects the circuit in milliseconds. Many older installations lack RCD protection — its absence on high-risk circuits is a common C2 finding.
Who carries out EICR remedial work?
Any qualified electrician can carry out EICR remedial work, but it is common to use the same electrician who conducted the inspection for continuity and to obtain a completion certificate on the same day as the works.